The Griffon Bruxellois, also known as the Brussels Griffon, is a small toy breed with a big heart, a distinctive face, and a personality that can light up any room. Originally from Belgium, this charming breed has earned a reputation for being affectionate, alert, and irresistibly expressive. With their large, human-like eyes and monkey-like expressions, Griffon Bruxellois have found fans among dog lovers, artists, and even Hollywood filmmakers.
Origins and History
The Griffon Bruxellois hails from Brussels, Belgium, where it was first bred in the 19th century. The breed’s early ancestors were small terrier-type dogs kept by coachmen to control vermin in stables. Over time, these dogs were crossed with breeds such as the Pug, English Toy Spaniel, and Affenpinscher, which refined their size, coat types, and distinctive facial features.
There are actually three closely related breeds under the same umbrella:
- Griffon Bruxellois – rough-coated and red in color
- Griffon Belge – rough-coated but black or black and tan
- Petit Brabançon – smooth-coated version, any accepted color
In many countries, including the UK and Australia, all three are grouped under the term Griffon Bruxellois. In the U.S., they are often referred to collectively as Brussels Griffon.
The breed gained popularity among European nobility in the 19th century, especially after Queen Marie Henriette of Belgium took an interest. More recently, the breed gained attention through the movie “As Good As It Gets”, where Jack Nicholson’s character had a Griffon Bruxellois named Verdell.
Appearance: Small but Striking
One of the most recognizable features of the Griffon Bruxellois is its expressive, almost human-like face. With a short nose, prominent eyes, and a distinct beard and mustache in the rough-coated variety, they resemble a tiny, comical old man—or as many describe, a little monkey.
These toy dogs are compact and sturdy, standing around 7 to 10 inches tall and weighing 8 to 12 pounds. Despite their small size, they carry themselves with confidence and curiosity.
There are two coat types:
- Rough Coat: Dense, wiry, and somewhat tousled. Requires hand-stripping or regular grooming.
- Smooth Coat (Petit Brabançon): Short, glossy, and sleek, easier to groom.
Accepted coat colors include:
- Red
- Black
- Black and tan
- Belge (a mix of black and reddish-brown)
Personality and Temperament
The Griffon Bruxellois may be small, but its personality is enormous. These dogs are:
- Lively and spirited
- Affectionate and loyal
- Sensitive and often clingy
They form strong bonds with their humans and often become “Velcro dogs,” wanting to be with their owners at all times. They’re not a breed that enjoys being left alone for long periods and may develop separation anxiety if neglected.
Their alertness and curiosity make them good watchdogs despite their size. They’re generally good with other pets, especially if socialized early, and can do well with respectful children.
Griffons are also known for their comedic nature—they love to entertain and engage, often performing little antics to get attention or express their moods.
Training and Exercise
Griffons are intelligent and eager to please, though they can be a bit stubborn. Positive reinforcement works best—praise, treats, and gentle guidance will get you far. Harsh training methods can damage their sensitive nature and erode trust.
Socialization from a young age is important to prevent shyness or fearfulness. They thrive in environments where they can interact with people and explore new places.
Though not overly demanding in terms of exercise, Griffon Bruxellois are active and playful. Short daily walks, indoor play sessions, and mental stimulation (like puzzle toys) will keep them happy and healthy.
Grooming and Care
Grooming needs vary depending on coat type:
- Rough-coated Griffons need regular brushing and may require hand-stripping to maintain their coat’s texture.
- Smooth-coated Griffons are easier to care for—just an occasional brushing to remove loose hair.
Routine care includes nail trimming, ear cleaning, and dental hygiene. Their large eyes can be prone to irritation or injury, so regular checks are essential.
They are indoor dogs and don’t tolerate extreme temperatures well. A warm, cozy environment and plenty of human companionship are ideal.
Health and Lifespan
Griffon Bruxellois are generally a healthy breed, with a lifespan of 12 to 15 years. Some health concerns to be aware of include:
- Eye problems (e.g., cataracts, corneal ulcers)
- Respiratory issues (due to their short snouts)
- Patellar luxation
- Syringomyelia (rare but serious)
Reputable breeders screen for genetic issues, so it’s essential to acquire a Griffon from a trusted source. Routine vet visits and proper diet and exercise will help maintain overall wellness.
Is the Griffon Bruxellois Right for You?
This breed is perfect for individuals or families who want a devoted, entertaining, and intelligent companion. They adapt well to apartment living due to their size but do best in homes where they are not left alone for long periods.
They are not ideal for those looking for an independent or low-maintenance pet—but for those who want a loyal shadow with a quirky sense of humor, the Griffon Bruxellois is a delight.
Conclusion
With its unmistakable face, charming personality, and loyal heart, the Griffon Bruxellois is a small dog that makes a big impression. From the royal courts of Belgium to modern-day homes, this breed continues to captivate with its wit, warmth, and charisma. For the right owner, life with a Griffon is anything but ordinary—it’s full of affection, fun, and unforgettable expressions.
